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Armida - Traetta, Salieri and Righini in ViennaNo other musical genre has provoked as much vehement discussion throughout its history as opera. This study is a historical and musical narrative about a certain genre of operas, exemplified by three treatments of the same subject, created in the same city over a span of about twenty years. The subject is the love story of Armida and Rinaldo, taken from Tassos Gerusalemme liberata. The location is Vienna, in the second half of the eighteenth century,
No other musical genre has provoked as much vehement discussion throughout its history as opera. This study is a historical and musical narrative about a certain genre of operas, exemplified by three treatments of the same subject, created in the same city over a span of about twenty years. The subject is the love story of Armida and Rinaldo, taken from TassoÕs Gerusalemme liberata. The location is Vienna, in the second half of the eighteenth century, and genre is Viennese Italian reform operas.
The three works are TraettaÕs Armida, libretto by Durazzo and Miglivacca (1761), SalieriÕs Armida, text by Coltellini (1771), and the Armida of Righini (1782), text by Coltellini as well.
The purpose of such a study is not only to add information to the coffers of eighteenth-century opera scholarship, but also to explore the complex relationship between text and music in this sub-genre of opera, in particular the alliance of specific keys with different textual themes, and musical features.
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4.5 ★★★★★
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★★★★★ 5
Excellent history of 2008 financial crisis
Format: Kindle
As a non-economist, I wanted to learn about the causes and consequences of the 2008 financial crisis. Overall, Tooze has created what will likely become the definitive history of the crisis. He tells an incredibly detailed story of the rise of power among international banks, and how these banks created securities around mortgages that concealed their riskiness. The blow by blow story often had me in high suspense, testifying to the power of how Tooze put together the background events - and fininacial instruments of mass destruction - that nearly gave us WW Depression 2.0. Personally, I come away with great respect for Paulson, Berneke, Geitner, to name the key actors in this drama - for saving the world economy from ruins. I also come away with an unsolved mystery: why did America not fill its jails with crooked bankers? Yes, I understand from Tooze that the US Fed and Treasury were bankers, and disliked immensely turning in their own. But, zero bankers in jail, after causing what Tooze argues was the greatest bank crisis, ever, including Great Depression 1.0.? It makes no political sense that banks and their leaders nearly destroyed the world economy, but zero went jail, when millions across the world lost homes to foreclosure, suffered severe unemployment, had Democratic election results ignored by financial authorities (mainly in Europe). I am personally convinced this lack of fairness and justice has given us not only Trump but a broad range of autocratic political parties. They claim to protect everyday people, but of course do not. In sum, this rather masterpiece of historical financial analysis is a surefooted guide across the tricky lengthy and politically dangerous terrain of the 2008 financial crisis. Five stars.
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Reviewed in the United States on January 23, 2019
★★★★★ 5
2008 Neoliberalism crashes the state rushes back-- just in time
Format: Kindle
“Whereas since the 1970s the incessant mantra of the spokespeople of the financial industry had been free markets and light touch regulation, what they were now demanding was the mobilization of all of the resources of the state to save society’s financial infrastructure from a threat of systemic implosion, a threat they likened to a military emergency.” (Loc. 3172-3174)
Adam Tooze takes the well know Financial Crisis of 2007-08 through its full history of international ramifications and brings it up to the present with the question of whether the large organizations, structures and processes on the one hand; decision, debate, argument and action on the other that managed to fall into place in that crisis period in this and many other countries will develop if needed again. “The political in “political economy” demands to be taken seriously.” (Loc. 11694). That he does.
Tooze is an Economic Historian and Crashed: How a Decade of Financial Crises Changed the World is a wonderfully rich enquiry into causes and effects of the Financial Crisis and how the failing of poorly managed greed motivated practices of a few financial institutions, and their subprime mortgagees, tumbled economies in the developed and developing world, causing events that matched the Great Depression’s dislocation and could have matched its duration, springing from world wide money markets “interlocking matrix” of corporate balance sheets— bank to bank.”
A warning he is not kind to existing political beings, the Republican Party in particular “…to judge by the record of the last ten years, it is incapable of legislating or cooperating effectively in government.” (Loc.11704)
His criticism is, in fairness, based on technical management grounds, and he does find fault as well with the inner core of the Obama advisors and their primary concerns for the financial sectors well being, rather than nationwide happenings where homes and incomes disappeared.
This reviewer’s favorite (not mentioned by Tooze) is the early 2009 comment of Larry Sumners when Christina D. Romer, the chairwoman of President Obama’s Council of Economic Advisers and leading authority on the Great Depression saw a need for $1.8 trillion stimulus package, “What have you been smoking?”
Sumners, Geithner, and Orszag, who favored transferring $787 billion to the banks to offset possible bank failures and such -- became policy. Tooze mentions that by 2012 Sumners was concerned by the slowness of the U.S. economy’s recovery taking, as it did, 8 years to reach 2008 levels of employment.*
Can an Economic History be an exciting read? Tooze gives us over 700 pages of just that, but much will be familiar as reported news and may be skimmed, and some of the Fed’s expanded international roles very dense in content. His strength is the knowledge of what could have happened, had solutions not been found, and how agreements were reached out of public sight.
“… the world economy is not run by medium-sized … entrepreneurs but by a few thousand massive corporations, with interlocking shareholdings controlled by a tiny group of asset managers. (Loc.418-419).
Add wily politicians and hard driven bankers EU Ukraine and China you have an adventure.
Corporate control is not new -- rich descriptions of its inner connections are.
Adam Tooze does this well a reference work for years to come.
5 stars
*For an in depth critique of that period see: A Crisis Wasted: Barack Obama’s Defining Decisions by
Reed Hundt
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Reviewed in the United States on August 11, 2018
★★★★★ 4
what really happened
Format: Hardcover
informative, well written easy for a layman to understand, insightful, gives the reader a look at how the system really works
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Reviewed in the United States on September 17, 2018
★★★★★ 5
Spectacular story everyone should read
Format: Kindle
Although long, this book is simply a spectacular story that everyone should read. Even for the most informed, you will learn something new in every chapter. The 2008 financial crash is one of those rare events that will effect almost everyone on earth and certainly everyone in the US. As Tooze details, that crash is going to cost the US more than $20 trillion and has caused deep and dramatic social and political upheavals. The impact in Europe and around the world has been and continues to be no less far-reaching. For anyone who wants to understand the social, cultural, political and economic fault lines around the world today, this book is a must-read. It's deeply informed, comprehensive and insightful in surprising ways even for those who think they've already read everything worthwhile about the financial crash, economic crisis and political developments. Read it and then give it to someone else to read (or buy them one as a gift!).
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Reviewed in the United States on October 21, 2018
★★★★★ 5
Best book series for 8 year old
Format: Paperback
One of the first book series my 8 year old actually loves to read. Totally recommend
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Reviewed in the United States on May 29, 2026